Akbar Shahid Ahmed / Huffington Post & Al Jazeera – 2017-05-19 23:01:47
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/saudi-arabia-arms-deal-trump_us_591f3322e4b094cdba53e3de?ncid=edlinkushpmg00000313
Trump’s $110 Billion Arms Deal With Saudi Arabia
May Be Illegal
Akbar Shahid Ahmed / Huffington Post
WASHINGTON (May 19, 2017) — The human rights arm of the American Bar Association has sent the Senate a legal analysis saying that President Donald Trump’s plan for an arms deal with Saudi Arabia worth more than $100 billion would be illegal because of the Saudis’ role in the ongoing conflict in Yemen.
Citing “multiple credible reports of recurring and highly questionable [air]strikes” by the Saudi military that have killed civilians, the US “cannot continue to rely on Saudi assurances that it will comply with international law and agreements concerning the use of US-origin equipment,” Michael Newton, a prominent Vanderbilt University law professor and former military judge advocate general, said.
Newton, in his 23-page opinion, said the strikes have continued “even after Saudi units received training and equipment to reduce civilian casualties.”
“Continued sale of arms to Saudi Arabia — and specifically of arms used in airstrikes — should not be presumed to be permissible” under the two statutes covering most sales of military equipment by the US government to foreign nations, he said.
The letter comes ahead of Trump’s weekend visit to Saudi Arabia, during which the president is to announce the new arms deal. On Friday, the Associated Press reported the package is expected to cover $110 billion in sales of planes, ships, bombs and missile defense technology over 10 years.
Though the Obama administration committed to many elements of the package before Trump’s inauguration, the president is expected to present it as a major accomplishment. Jared Kushner, Trump’s son-in-law and a White House aide, has built a rapport with Saudi Deputy Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman and personally intervened with weapons manufacturer Lockheed Martin to get the Saudis a better deal, The New York Times reported.
The bar association’s Center for Human Rights requested the assessment after receiving several congressional inquiries about the legality of continued sales to the Saudis. Senators skeptical of the Saudi campaign in Yemen unsuccessfully tried to block a $1.15 billion arms transfer last fall. The legal analysis suggests that they should try again.
A US-backed, Saudi-led coalition of countries has been at war in Yemen for over 2 years, fighting Iran-backed militants who have taken over much of the country. The coalition has been repeatedly accused of war-crime violations for its role in the deaths of thousands of civilians in the Arab world’s poorest country.
The United Nations has reported nearly 5,000 deaths have occurred, and said the actual toll is likely far higher. UN experts have repeatedly singled out coalition airstrikes, which are supported by American aerial refueling, as the single largest cause of civilian casualties during various periods in the conflict.
Meanwhile, naval blockades by the coalition and interference in aid deliveries by the pro-Iran militants have caused a major humanitarian crisis: 19 million Yemenis are in need of aid, according to the UN, and a famine may soon be declared.
Extremist groups, notably Al Qaeda, have taken advantage of the chaos to expand their power.
Then-President Barack Obama authorized US assistance to the coalition in March 2015. His administration halted some arms transfers last December after a major Saudi-led attack on a funeral, but it kept up the majority of US support.
Obama approved a record-breaking $115 billion in arms sales to the Saudis during his time in office, but the country’s leaders frequently claimed he abandoned them because of his nuclear diplomacy with Iran and reluctance to strongly intervene in Syria.
Trump is expected to speak of the military deal as a sign of a renewed commitment to the longtime US partner — even though he often criticized the Saudis on the campaign trail.
Newton, in his analysis, charged that Saudi military strikes have deliberately targeted markets and hospitals where few, if any, enemy combatants were located. He also cited Saudi Arabia’s domestic human rights abuses, its failure to hold military officers accountable and its illegal use of cluster munitions as justifying an immediate end of US military support.
2.1 million children are facing famine in Yemen
US personnel or contractors could be vulnerable under international humanitarian law if the military sales continue, Newton added — especially because the armaments could be used in an anticipated Saudi assault on the Yemani port of Hodeidah, which would have a devastating impact on millions. One-time military lawyer Rep. Ted Lieu (D-Calif.) has suggested that such prosecution is possible.
Despite failed private efforts to improve the humanitarian situation in Yemen, the Trump administration has not expressed much public concern about the Saudis’ conduct in the conflict. It’s instead loudly cheered the kingdom — and chosen it as the site for Trump’s first foreign visit, which the Saudis are promoting as an epoch-defining moment.
“There are many who try to find gaps between the policy of the United States and that of Saudi Arabia, but they will never succeed,” Saudi foreign minister Adel al-Jubeir said in a statement issued Friday by the Saudi Embassy in Washington. “The position of President Trump, and that of Congress, is completely aligned with that of Saudi Arabia. We agree on Iraq, Iran, Syria and Yemen. Our relationship is on an upward trajectory.”
Posted in accordance with Title 17, Section 107, US Code, for noncommercial, educational purposes.
(March 31, 2017) — Three separate Saudi attacks on Yemen have killed eight civilians and wounded several others.
Four people were killed in Sa’ada province when Saudi warplanes dropped bombs on a marketplace. In another attack on a house, three civilians were killed in Sana’a province.
In a third attack in Ta’izz province, a woman was killed after a residential neighborhood was shelled by Saudi-backed forces. Over twelve-thousand Yemenis have been killed since the Saudi war began in March 20-15. Riyadh has also imposed an air and sea blockade on Yemen. The siege has worsened the humanitarian situation in the war-ravaged country.
Over 3,000 Saudi Strikes on Yemen ‘Hit Civilian Areas’
Saudi Arabia says new report “vastly exaggerated”
and that rebels used schools, hospitals and mosques as bases
Al Jazeera
(September 17, 2016) — More than a third of Saudi-led air strikes on Yemen hit civilian sites including schools, hospitals and mosques, according to a new study.
The findings came from the Yemen Data Project, a group of security and human rights researchers, who looked into more than 8,600 air raids in the campaign between March 2015 and the end of August this year.
The results of the study were published by British newspaper The Guardian on Friday.
Out of the air raids examined, the study found that 3,577 were listed as hitting military sites and 3,158 non-military, while 1,882 strikes were classified as unknown, according to The Guardian.
Over the course of the campaign led by Saudi Arabia, the survey listed 942 air raids on residential areas, 114 on markets, 34 on mosques, 147 on school buildings, 26 on universities and 378 on transport.
The study, which the report said was based on open-source data including research on the ground, said that one particular school building was hit nine times, and one market was hit 24 times.
The project said the coalition hit more non-military sites than military in five of the past 18 months.
Riyadh Dismisses Report
Saudi Foreign Minister Adel al-Jubeir was quoted by The Guardian dismissing the report as “vastly exaggerated” and challenging its methodology. He said rebel fighters had “turned schools and hospitals and mosques into command and control centres.”
“They have turned them into weapons depots in a way that they are no longer civilian targets . . . They are military targets. They might have been a school a year ago. But they were not a school when they were bombed,” he said.
Saudi Arabia, along with a coalition of other Arab states, intervened in Yemen in March 2015 in support of the government of President Abd-Rabbu Mansour Hadi after Houthi rebels took over the capital Sanaa.
Since then the conflict has killed more than 6,600 people, most of them civilians, and displaced at least three million others, according to the UN. A United Nations report in June found the coalition responsible for 60 percent of the 785 deaths of children in Yemen last year.
Fighting has intensified since the collapse of UN-backed peace talks in Kuwait on August 6.
Posted in accordance with Title 17, Section 107, US Code, for noncommercial, educational purposes.
